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1 Staudinger, Hermann
[br]b. 23 March 1881 Worms, Germanyd. 8 September 1965 Freiberg im Breisgau, Germany[br]German chemist, founder of polymer chemistry.[br]Staudinger studied chemistry at the universities of Halle, Darmstadt and Munich, originally as a preparation for botanical studies, but chemistry claimed his full attention. He followed an academic career, with professorships at Karlsruhe in 1908, Zurich in 1912 and Freiberg from 1926 until his retirement in 1951. Staudinger began his work as an organic chemist by following well-established lines of research, but from 1920 he struck out in a new direction. Until that time, rubber and other apparently non-crystalline materials with high molecular weight were supposed to consist of a disordered collection of small molecules. Staudinger investigated the structure of rubber and realized that it was made up of very large molecules with many basic groups of atoms held together by normal chemical bonds. Substances formed in this way are known as "polymers". Staudinger's views first met with opposition, but he developed methods of determining the molecular weights of these "high polymers". Finally, the introduction of X-ray crystallographic investigation of chemical structure confirmed his views. This discovery has proved to be the basis of a new branch of chemistry with momentous consequences for industry. From it stemmed the synthetic rubber, plastics, fibres, adhesives and other industries, with all their multifarious applications in everyday life. The Staudinger equation, linking viscosity with molecular weight, is still widely used, albeit with some reservations, in the polymer industry.During the 1930s, Staudinger turned his attention to biopolymers and foresaw the discovery some twenty years later that these macromolecules were the building blocks of life. In 1953 he belatedly received the Nobel Prize in Chemistry.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsNobel Prize in Chemistry 1953.Bibliography1961, Arbeitserinnerungen, Heidelberg; pub. in English, 1970 as From Organic Chemistry to Macromolecules, New York (includes a comprehensive bibliography of 644 items).Further ReadingE.Farber, 1963, Nobel Prize Winners in Chemistry, New York.R.C.Olby, 1970, "The macromolecular concept and the origins of molecular biology", J. Chem. Ed. 47:168–74.LRD -
2 Staudinger Hermann
Штаудингер Герман (1881-1965), химик, один из основоположников химии высокомолекулярных соединений. Доказал, что полимеры состоят из больших молекул. Ввёл термин "макромолекула", разработал теорию строения полимеров. Исследовал многие природные и синтетические полимеры. Лауреат Нобелевской премииГермания. Лингвострановедческий словарь > Staudinger Hermann
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3 Staudinger
m.Staudinger, Hermann Staudinger. -
4 Hermann Staudinger
m.Hermann Staudinger, Staudinger. -
5 Chemical technology
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6 Synthetic materials
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Staudinger, Hermann — ▪ German chemist born March 23, 1881, Worms, Germany died September 8, 1965, Freiburg im Breisgau, West Germany [now Germany] German chemist who won the 1953 Nobel Prize for Chemistry for demonstrating that polymers are long chain molecules. His … Universalium
Staudinger , Hermann — (1881–1965) German chemist Staudinger, was born in Worms, Germany, the son of a philosophy professor; he was educated at the universities of Darmstadt, Munich, and Halle where, in 1903, he obtained his doctorate. He taught at the University of… … Scientists
Staudinger, Hermann — ► (1881 1965) Químico alemán. Fue premio Nobel de Química en 1953, por sus trabajos sobre fibras artificiales y plásticos … Enciclopedia Universal
Staudinger — Staudinger, Hermann … Enciclopedia Universal
Hermann Franz Mark — (* 3. Mai 1895 in Wien; † 6. April 1992 in Austin/Texas), österreichischer Chemiker, gilt als einer der wesentlichen Begründer der modernen Polymerwissenschaften. Inhaltsverzeichnis 1 Biographie 2 Auszeichnungen … Deutsch Wikipedia
STAUDINGER (H.) — STAUDINGER HERMANN (1881 1965) Chimiste allemand, né à Worms et mort à Fribourg en Brisgau, lauréat du prix Nobel de chimie (1953) pour sa contribution au développement des matières plastiques. Après avoir été reçu docteur de l’université de… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Staudinger — (izg. štȁudinger), Hermann (1881 1965) DEFINICIJA njemački kemičar, jedan od pionira makronuklearne kemije; Nobelova nagrada 1953 … Hrvatski jezični portal
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Hermann-Staudinger-Gymnasium — Schultyp Naturwissenschaftlich technologisches Gymnasium und wirtschafts und sozialwissenschaftliches Gymnasium mit wirtschaftswissenschaftlichem Profil Ort Erlenbach am Main Bundesland … Deutsch Wikipedia
Hermann-Staudinger-Gymnasium Erlenbach — Hermann Staudinger Gymnasium Schulform Naturwissenschaftlich technologisches Gymnasium und wirtschafts und sozialwissenschaftliches Gymnasium mit wirtschaftswissenschaftlichem Profil Ort Erlenbach am Main Land Bayern … Deutsch Wikipedia
